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1 по
1. предл. (дт.)1. ( на поверхности) on; ( вдоль) alongидти по полу, по траве — walk on the floor, on the grass
идти, ехать по дороге, тропинке, улице — walk, drive* along the road, the path*, the street
путешествовать по стране — journey through a country
по всему, по всей — all over:
книги, тетради и т. п. разложены по всему столу — the books, copy-books, etc., are lying all over the table
стаканы, чашки расставлены по всему столу — the glasses, cups are standing all over the table
2. ( посредством) byпо железной дороге — by rail / train
ехать по железной дороге — go* by rail / train
по радио, телефону — over the radio, the telephone
3. (на основании, в соответствии) by; ( согласно) according toпо природе, по крови — by nature, by blood
это по его адресу — that is meant for him, that is aimed at him
по положению — ( согласно предписанию) according to the regulations; ( согласно занимаемому положению) in accordance with one's position; ex officio офиц.
4. ( вследствие) by; ( из-за) throughпо невнимательности, рассеянности — through carelessness, absent-mindedness
по чьей-л. вине — through smb.'s fault
по обязанности — according to duty; as in duty bound идиом.
по выходным дням — on one's free / off days
♢
по пути (с кем-л.) см. путь2. предл. (дт., вн.; в разделительном знач.)по рукам! см. рука; тж. и др. особые случаи, не приведённые здесь, см. под теми словами, с которыми предлог по образует тесные сочетания
по два, по десяти — in twos, in tens
по двое — two by two, in twos
3. предл. (вн.)по десяти человек — in groups of ten, in tens
1. (до) to; up to2.:по сю, по ту сторону (рд.) — on this, on that, side (of)
4. предл. (пр.; после)по правую, левую руку см. рука
onпо прибытии — on one's arrival
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2 по
предл.1) ( на поверхности) on; along ( вдоль); all along ( по всей поверхности)по всему контуру — over the entire circuit, throughout the circuit
по всей длине — along the (whole) length, all along the length
ехать по дороге — walk/drive along the path/road
2) (посредством, при помощи) by, overпо почте — by post, by mail
по железной дороге — by road, by train
3) (на основании, в соответствии) by, according to ( согласно), in accordance with ( согласно занимаемому положению)по его виду можно подумать... — from his looks you might suppose
4) ( вследствие) by, through5) ( при обозначении времени) in, at, onпо выходным — on one's free days, on one's off days
6) ( в значении до) to, up to7) ( после) onпо двое — two by two, in twos
по десяти человек — in groups of ten, in tens
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